Vision Transformer (ViT)¶

The Vision Transformer (ViT) model was proposed in An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale by Alexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn, Xiaohua Zhai, Thomas Unterthiner, Mostafa Dehghani, Matthias Minderer, Georg Heigold, Sylvain Gelly, Jakob Uszkoreit, Neil Houlsby. It’s the first paper that successfully trains a Transformer encoder on ImageNet, attaining very good results compared to familiar convolutional architectures.

The abstract from the paper is the following:

While the Transformer architecture has become the de-facto standard for natural language processing tasks, its applications to computer vision remain limited. In vision, attention is either applied in conjunction with convolutional networks, or used to replace certain components of convolutional networks while keeping their overall structure in place. We show that this reliance on CNNs is not necessary and a pure transformer applied directly to sequences of image patches can perform very well on image classification tasks. When pre-trained on large amounts of data and transferred to multiple mid-sized or small image recognition benchmarks (ImageNet, CIFAR-100, VTAB, etc.), Vision Transformer (ViT) attains excellent results compared to state-of-the-art convolutional networks while requiring substantially fewer computational resources to train.

ViTAdapterModel¶

class transformers.adapters.ViTAdapterModel(config)¶

Bert Model transformer with the option to add multiple flexible heads on top. This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.

Parameters: config ([ViTConfig]) – Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the [~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained] method to load the model weights.

property active_head¶

The active prediction head configuration of this model. Can be either the name of a single available head (string) or a list of multiple available heads. In case of a list of heads, the same base model is forwarded through all specified heads.

Returns: A string or a list of strings describing the active head configuration.
Return type: Union[str, List[str]]

adapter_summary(as_dict=False) → Union[str, dict]¶

Returns a string summary of all adapters currently added to the model. Each entry in the summary table has the following attributes:

name: the name of the adapter

architecture: the architectural base of the adapter

#param: the number of parameters of the adapter

%param: the number of parameters of the adapter relative to the full model

active: whether the adapter is active

train: whether the adapter weights are enabled for training

add_adapter(adapter_name: str, config=None, overwrite_ok: bool = False, set_active: bool = False)¶

Adds a new adapter module of the specified type to the model.

Parameters

adapter_name (str) – The name of the adapter module to be added.
config (str or dict, optional) –
The adapter configuration, can be either:
- the string identifier of a pre-defined configuration dictionary
- a configuration dictionary specifying the full config
- if not given, the default configuration for this adapter type will be used
overwrite_ok (bool, optional) – Overwrite an adapter with the same name if it exists. By default (False), an exception is thrown.
set_active (bool, optional) – Set the adapter to be the active one. By default (False), the adapter is added but not activated.

If self.base_model is self, must inherit from a class that implements this method, to preclude infinite recursion

add_adapter_fusion(adapter_names: Union[transformers.adapters.composition.Fuse, list, str], config=None, overwrite_ok: bool = False, set_active: bool = False)¶

Adds AdapterFusion to the model with alll the necessary configurations and weight initializations

Parameters

adapter_names (Fuse or list or str) –
AdapterFusion layer to add. Can be either:
- a Fuse composition block
- a list of adapter names to fuse
- a comma-separated string of adapter names to fuse
config (str or dict) –
adapter fusion configuration, can be either:
- a string identifying a pre-defined adapter fusion configuration
- a dictionary representing the adapter fusion configuration
- the path to a file containing the adapter fusion configuration
overwrite_ok (bool, optional) – Overwrite an AdapterFusion layer with the same name if it exists. By default (False), an exception is thrown.
set_active (bool, optional) – Activate the added AdapterFusion. By default (False), the AdapterFusion is added but not activated.

add_image_classification_head(head_name, num_labels=2, layers=1, activation_function='tanh', overwrite_ok=False, multilabel=False, id2label=None, use_pooler=False)¶

Adds an image classification head on top of the model.

Parameters

head_name (str) – The name of the head.
num_labels (int, optional) – Number of classification labels. Defaults to 2.
layers (int, optional) – Number of layers. Defaults to 1.
activation_function (str, optional) – Activation function. Defaults to ‘tanh’.
overwrite_ok (bool, optional) – Force overwrite if a head with the same name exists. Defaults to False.
multilabel (bool, optional) – Enable multilabel classification setup. Defaults to False.

apply_to_adapter_layers(fn)¶: Applies a function to all adapter layers of the model.

delete_adapter(adapter_name: str)¶

Deletes the adapter with the specified name from the model.

Parameters: adapter_name (str) – The name of the adapter.

delete_adapter_fusion(adapter_names: Union[transformers.adapters.composition.Fuse, list, str])¶

Deletes the AdapterFusion layer of the specified adapters.

Parameters: adapter_names (Union[Fuse, list, str]) – AdapterFusion layer to delete.

delete_head(head_name: str)¶

Deletes the prediction head with the specified name from the model.

Parameters: head_name (str) – The name of the prediction to delete.

eject_prefix_tuning(name: str)¶

Converts the prefix tuning with the given name from the reparameterized form into the flat form.

Parameters: name (str) – The name of the prefix tuning.

forward(pixel_values: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None, head_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None, output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None, output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None, interpolate_pos_encoding: Optional[bool] = None, return_dict: Optional[bool] = None, head=None, output_adapter_gating_scores=False, output_adapter_fusion_attentions=False, **kwargs)¶

The [ViTAdapterModel] forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.

<Tip>

Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the [Module] instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.

</Tip>

Parameters

pixel_values (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, num_channels, height, width)) – Pixel values. Pixel values can be obtained using [AutoImageProcessor]. See [ViTImageProcessor.__call__] for details.
head_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) –
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
- 1 indicates the head is not masked,
- 0 indicates the head is masked.
output_attentions (bool, optional) – Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more detail.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional) – Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more detail.
interpolate_pos_encoding (bool, optional) – Whether to interpolate the pre-trained position encodings.
return_dict (bool, optional) – Whether or not to return a [~utils.ModelOutput] instead of a plain tuple.

forward_context(context: transformers.adapters.context.ForwardContext, *args, **kwargs)¶: This method is called by the ForwardContext at the beginning of the forward pass.

forward_head(all_outputs, head_name=None, cls_output=None, attention_mask=None, return_dict=False, **kwargs)¶

The forward pass through a prediction head configuration. There are three ways to specify the used prediction head configuration (in order of priority):

If a head_name is passed, the head with the given name is used.

If the forward call is executed within an AdapterSetup context, the head configuration is read from the context.

If the active_head property is set, the head configuration is read from there.

Parameters

all_outputs (dict) – The outputs of the base model.
head_name (str, optional) – The name of the prediction head to use. If None, the active head is used.
cls_output (torch.Tensor, optional) – The classification output of the model.
attention_mask (torch.Tensor, optional) – The attention mask of the model.
return_dict (bool) – Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
**kwargs – Additional keyword arguments passed to the forward pass of the head.

freeze_model(freeze=True)¶: Freezes all weights of the model.

get_adapter(name)¶: If self.base_model is self, must inherit from a class that implements this method, to preclude infinite recursion

get_labels(head_name=None)¶

Returns the labels the given head is assigning/predictin

Parameters

head_name – (str, optional) the name of the head which labels should be returned. Default is None.
the name is None the labels of the active head are returned (If) –

Returns: labels

get_labels_dict(head_name=None)¶

Returns the id2label dict for the given hea

Parameters

head_name – (str, optional) the name of the head which labels should be returned. Default is None.
the name is None the labels of the active head are returned (If) –

Returns: id2label

iter_layers() → Iterable[Tuple[int, torch.nn.modules.module.Module]]¶: Iterates over all layers of the model.

load_adapter(adapter_name_or_path: str, config: Union[dict, str] = None, version: str = None, model_name: str = None, load_as: str = None, source: str = None, with_head: bool = True, custom_weights_loaders: Optional[List[transformers.adapters.loading.WeightsLoader]] = None, leave_out: Optional[List[int]] = None, id2label=None, set_active: bool = False, **kwargs) → str¶

Loads a pre-trained pytorch adapter module from the local file system or a remote location.

Parameters

adapter_name_or_path (str) –
can be either:
- the identifier of a pre-trained task adapter to be loaded from Adapter Hub
- a path to a directory containing adapter weights saved using model.saved_adapter()
- a URL pointing to a zip folder containing a saved adapter module
config (dict or str, optional) – The requested configuration of the adapter. If not specified, will be either: - the default adapter config for the requested adapter if specified - the global default adapter config
version (str, optional) – The version of the adapter to be loaded.
model_name (str, optional) – The string identifier of the pre-trained model.
load_as (str, optional) – Load the adapter using this name. By default, the name with which the adapter was saved will be used.
source (str, optional) –
Identifier of the source(s) from where to load the adapter. Can be:
- ”ah” (default): search on AdapterHub.
- ”hf”: search on HuggingFace model hub.
- None: search on all sources
leave_out – Dynamically drop adapter modules in the specified Transformer layers when loading the adapter.
set_active (bool, optional) – Set the loaded adapter to be the active one. By default (False), the adapter is loaded but not activated.

Returns

The name with which the adapter was added to the model.

Return type

str

load_adapter_fusion(adapter_fusion_name_or_path: str, load_as: str = None, custom_weights_loaders: Optional[List[transformers.adapters.loading.WeightsLoader]] = None, set_active: bool = False, with_head: bool = True, **kwargs) → str¶

Loads a pre-trained AdapterFusion layer from the local file system.

Parameters

adapter_fusion_name_or_path (str) – a path to a directory containing AdapterFusion weights saved using model.save_adapter_fusion().
load_as (str, optional) – Load the AdapterFusion using this name. By default, the name with which the AdapterFusion layer was saved will be used.
set_active (bool, optional) – Activate the loaded AdapterFusion. By default (False), the AdapterFusion is loaded but not activated.

Returns

The name with which the AdapterFusion was added to the model.

Return type

str

merge_adapter(name: str)¶

Merges the weights of the given LoRA module with the Transformer weights as described in the paper.

Parameters: name (str) – LoRA module to merge.

push_adapter_to_hub(repo_name: str, adapter_name: str, organization: Optional[str] = None, adapterhub_tag: Optional[str] = None, datasets_tag: Optional[str] = None, local_path: Optional[str] = None, commit_message: Optional[str] = None, private: Optional[bool] = None, use_auth_token: Union[bool, str] = True, overwrite_adapter_card: bool = False, create_pr: bool = False, adapter_card_kwargs: Optional[dict] = None)¶

Upload an adapter to HuggingFace’s Model Hub.

Parameters

repo_name (str) – The name of the repository on the model hub to upload to.
adapter_name (str) – The name of the adapter to be uploaded.
organization (str, optional) – Organization in which to push the adapter (you must be a member of this organization). Defaults to None.
adapterhub_tag (str, optional) – Tag of the format <task>/<subtask> for categorization on https://adapterhub.ml/explore/. See https://docs.adapterhub.ml/contributing.html#add-a-new-task-or-subtask for more. If not specified, datasets_tag must be given in case a new adapter card is generated. Defaults to None.
datasets_tag (str, optional) – Dataset identifier from https://huggingface.co/datasets. If not specified, adapterhub_tag must be given in case a new adapter card is generated. Defaults to None.
local_path (str, optional) – Local path used as clone directory of the adapter repository. If not specified, will create a temporary directory. Defaults to None.
commit_message (str, optional) – Message to commit while pushing. Will default to "add config", "add tokenizer" or "add model" depending on the type of the class.
private (bool, optional) – Whether or not the repository created should be private (requires a paying subscription).
use_auth_token (bool or str, optional) – The token to use as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files. If True, will use the token generated when running transformers-cli login (stored in huggingface). Defaults to True.
overwrite_adapter_card (bool, optional) – Overwrite an existing adapter card with a newly generated one. If set to False, will only generate an adapter card, if none exists. Defaults to False.
create_pr (bool, optional) – Whether or not to create a PR with the uploaded files or directly commit.

Returns

The url of the adapter repository on the model hub.

Return type

str

reset_adapter()¶: Resets weights of a LoRA module merged using model.merge_adapter(name).

save_adapter(save_directory: str, adapter_name: str, with_head: bool = True, meta_dict: dict = None, custom_weights_loaders: Optional[List[transformers.adapters.loading.WeightsLoader]] = None)¶

Saves an adapter and its configuration file to a directory so that it can be shared or reloaded using load_adapter().

Parameters

save_directory (str) – Path to a directory where the adapter should be saved.
adapter_name (str) – Name of the adapter to be saved.

Raises

ValueError – If the given adapter name is invalid.

save_adapter_fusion(save_directory: str, adapter_names: Union[transformers.adapters.composition.Fuse, list, str], meta_dict: dict = None, custom_weights_loaders: Optional[List[transformers.adapters.loading.WeightsLoader]] = None, with_head: Union[bool, str] = False)¶

Saves an AdapterFusion layer and its configuration file to a directory so that it can be shared or reloaded using load_adapter_fusion().

Parameters

save_directory (str) – Path to a directory where the AdapterFusion should be saved.
adapter_names (Union[Fuse, list, str]) – AdapterFusion to be saved.
with_head (Union[bool, str]) – If True, will save a head with the same name as the AdapterFusionLayer. If a string, this will be used as the name of the head to be saved.

Raises

ValueError – If the given AdapterFusion name is invalid.

save_all_adapter_fusions(save_directory: str, meta_dict: dict = None, custom_weights_loaders: Optional[List[transformers.adapters.loading.WeightsLoader]] = None)¶

Saves all AdapterFusion layers of this model together with their configuration to subfolders of the given location.

Parameters: save_directory (str) – Path to a directory where the AdapterFusion layers should be saved.

save_all_adapters(save_directory: str, with_head: bool = True, meta_dict: dict = None, custom_weights_loaders: Optional[List[transformers.adapters.loading.WeightsLoader]] = None)¶

Saves all adapters of this model together with their configuration to subfolders of the given location.

Parameters: save_directory (str) – Path to a directory where the adapters should be saved.

set_active_adapters(adapter_setup: Union[list, transformers.adapters.composition.AdapterCompositionBlock], skip_layers: Optional[List[int]] = None)¶

Sets the adapter modules to be used by default in every forward pass. This setting can be overriden by passing the adapter_names parameter in the foward() pass. If no adapter with the given name is found, no module of the respective type will be activated. In case the calling model class supports named prediction heads, this method will attempt to activate a prediction head with the name of the last adapter in the list of passed adapter names.

Parameters: adapter_setup (list) – The list of adapters to be activated by default. Can be a fusion or stacking configuration.

tie_weights()¶

Tie the weights between the input embeddings and the output embeddings.

If the torchscript flag is set in the configuration, can’t handle parameter sharing so we are cloning the weights instead.

train_adapter(adapter_setup: Union[list, transformers.adapters.composition.AdapterCompositionBlock], train_embeddings=False)¶: Sets the model into mode for training the given adapters. If self.base_model is self, must inherit from a class that implements this method, to preclude infinite recursion

train_adapter_fusion(adapter_setup: Union[list, transformers.adapters.composition.AdapterCompositionBlock], unfreeze_adapters=False)¶: Sets the model into mode for training of adapter fusion determined by a list of adapter names. If self.base_model is self, must inherit from a class that implements this method, to preclude infinite recursion

train_fusion(adapter_setup: Union[list, transformers.adapters.composition.AdapterCompositionBlock], unfreeze_adapters=False)¶: Sets the model into mode for training of adapter fusion determined by a list of adapter names.